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The subjunctive with “να”

Expressing wish, purpose or obligation with να + verb; θέλω να, πρέπει να, μπορώ να.

Greek has no infinitive

Where English says “I want to learn”, Greek says literally “I want that I learn”: να followed by a conjugated verb. Both verbs agree in the same person — that is the one truly obligatory rule.

  • Θέλω να μάθω ελληνικά.I want to learn Greek.
  • Θέλει να μάθει ελληνικά.He wants to learn — both verbs in the 3rd person.

Once, or repeatedly?

This is the real difficulty of να. After να you choose between two forms of the same verb: one for a single action, one for a repeated or ongoing one. The choice is not optional — it changes the meaning.

  • Θέλω να σε δω.I want to see you (once).
  • Θέλω να σε βλέπω.I want to see you (regularly).
μία φοράσυνέχειαρήμα
να γράψωνα γράφωγράφω
να φάωνα τρώωτρώω
να πάωνα πηγαίνωπηγαίνω
να δωνα βλέπωβλέπω

What triggers να

A handful of verbs and function words are followed by να. Learn them as a block: once one appears, what follows is automatic.

θέλω ναπρέπει ναμπορώ να
ξέρω νααρχίζω ναπροσπαθώ να
αςγια ναπριν να

Negation: να μην

After να the negative is never δεν but μην, and it sits between the two: θέλω να μην αργήσεις. This is a very common mistake, and it is heard immediately.

  • Θέλω να μην αργήσεις.I want you not to be late.